Jichai generator set is a common emergency power generation equipment. It takes the diesel engine using diesel as fuel as the prime mover to drive the generator to rotate. When there is a temporary power failure and there is an urgent need to use electricity, the diesel generator set comes in handy. So how to choose and buy the emergency diesel generator set as a temporary power generation?

选购应急柴油发电机组方法

Method of purchasing emergency diesel generator set

一、应急柴油发电机组的两大特点：

1、 Two characteristics of emergency diesel generator set:

第1个特点是作应急用，连续工作的时间不长，一般只需要持续运行几小时（≤12H）；

The first feature is that it is used for urgent needs. The continuous working time is not long. Generally, it only needs to run continuously for a few hours (≤ 12h);

第2个特点是作备用，应急发电机组平时处于停机等待状态，只有当主用电源全部鼓障断电后，应急柴油发电机组才起动运行供给紧急用电负荷，当主用电源恢复正常后，随即切换停机。

The second feature is for standby. The emergency generator set is usually in the shutdown waiting state. Only when all the main power supply is blocked and powered off, the emergency diesel generator set will start operation to supply emergency power load. When the main power supply returns to normal, it will be switched to shutdown immediately.

二、应急柴油发电机组的选购要点：

2、 Purchase points of emergency diesel generator set:

(1)应急柴油发电机发电机容量的确定：

(1) Determination of emergency diesel generator capacity:

应急柴油发电机组的标定容量为经大气修正后的12h标定容量，其容量应能满足紧急电总计算负荷，并按发电机容量能满足一级负荷中单台大容量电动机起动的要求进行校验。应急发电机一般选用三相交流同步发电机，其标定输出电压为400V。

The rated capacity of emergency diesel generator set is the 12h rated capacity after atmospheric correction. Its capacity shall meet the total calculated load of emergency power, and shall be verified according to the requirement that the generator capacity can meet the starting requirements of single motor with the largest capacity in class I load. Three phase AC synchronous generator is generally selected for emergency generator, and its rated output voltage is 400V.

(2)应急柴油发电机组台数的确定：

(2) Determination of the number of emergency diesel generator sets:

有多台发电机组备用时，一般只设置1台应急柴油发电机组，从可靠性考虑也可以选用2台机组并联进行供电。供应急用的发电机组台数一般不宜超过3台。当选用多台机组时，机组应尽量选用型号、容量相同，调压、调速特性相近的成套设备，所用燃油性质应一致，以便进行维修保养及共用备件。当供应急用的发电机组有2台时，自起动装置应使2台机组能互为备用，即市电电源故障停电经过延时确认以后，发出自起动指令，如果第1台机组连续3次自起动失败，应发出报警信号并自动起动第2台柴油发电机。

When there are multiple generator sets for standby, generally only one emergency diesel generator set is set. Considering the reliability, two units can also be selected for parallel power supply. Generally, the number of generator units for emergency use should not exceed 3. When multiple units are selected, complete sets of equipment with the same model and capacity and similar pressure regulation and speed regulation characteristics shall be selected as far as possible, and the properties of fuel used shall be consistent for maintenance and sharing of spare parts. When there are two generator sets for emergency use, the self starting device shall enable the two units to be standby for each other, that is, after the power failure of the mains power supply is confirmed, the self starting command shall be issued. If the self starting of the first unit fails for three consecutive times, the alarm signal shall be issued and the second diesel generator shall be started automatically.

选用2台柴油发电机组并联进行供电

Two diesel generator sets are selected for parallel power supply

(3)应急柴油发电机的选择：

(3) Selection of emergency diesel generator:

应急机组宜选用高速、增压、油耗低、同容量的柴油发电机组。高速增压柴油机单机容量较大，占据空间小；柴油机选用配电子或液压调速装置，调速性能较好；发电机宜选用配无刷励磁或相复励装置的同步电机，进行较可靠，故障率低，维护检修较方便；当一级负荷中单台空调器容量或电动机容量较大时，宜选用三次谐波励磁的发电机组；机组装在附有减震器的共用底盘上；排烟管出口装上消声器，以减小噪声对周围环境的影响。

The diesel generator set with high speed, pressurization, low fuel consumption and the same capacity should be selected for the emergency unit. High speed turbocharged diesel engine has large capacity and small space; The diesel engine is equipped with electronic or hydraulic speed regulation device, with good speed regulation performance; The synchronous motor equipped with brushless excitation or phase compound excitation device should be selected for the generator, which has reliable operation, low failure rate and convenient maintenance; When the capacity of a single air conditioner or motor in class I load is large, the generator set with third harmonic excitation should be selected; The machine is assembled on a common chassis with shock absorbers; A muffler is installed at the outlet of the smoke exhaust pipe to reduce the impact of noise on the surrounding environment.

(4)应急柴油发电机组的控制：

(4) Control of emergency diesel generator set:

应急柴油发电机组的控制应具有快速自起动及自动投入装置。当主用电源故障断电后，应急机组应能快速自起动并恢复供电，一级负荷的允许断电时间从十几秒至几十秒，应根据具体情况确定。当重要工程的主用电源断电后，应以过3-5S的确定时间，以避开瞬时电压降低及市电网合闸或备用电源自动投入的时间，然后再发出起动应急发电机组的指令。从指令发出、机组开始起动、升速到能带全负荷需要一段时间。一般大、中型柴油机还需要预润滑及暖机过程，使紧急加载时的机油机油压力、机油温度、冷却水温度符合厂品技术条件的规定；预润滑及暖机过程可以根据不同情况预行。

The control of emergency diesel generator set shall be equipped with fast self starting and automatic input devices. When the main power supply fails to power off, the emergency unit shall be able to quickly start and restore power supply. The allowable power off time of class I load shall be determined according to the specific situation from more than ten seconds to tens of seconds. When the main power supply of important projects is cut off, the time shall be determined after 3-5s to avoid the time of instantaneous voltage reduction and closing of municipal power grid or automatic input of standby power supply, and then the command to start the emergency generator set shall be issued. It will take a period of time from the issuing of the command, the start of the unit, the speed increase to the full load. Generally, large and medium-sized diesel engines also need pre lubrication and warm-up process, so that the oil pressure, oil temperature and cooling water temperature during emergency loading meet the provisions of factory technical conditions; The pre lubrication and warm-up process can be carried out in advance according to different conditions.

在必要的场所应有一台应急柴油发电机用以备用发电，所以应急柴油发电机的好坏也决定了在关键时刻能够发挥多大的用处，我们在挑选应急柴油发电机时 一定要购买合适实际情况的，根据应急柴油发电机组的特点来选购。

There should be an emergency diesel generator in the necessary place for standby power generation, so the quality of the emergency diesel generator also determines how useful it can be at the critical moment. When selecting the emergency diesel generator, we must buy one suitable for the actual situation and choose it according to the characteristics of the emergency diesel generator set.